Trustees Discretion In Will
Summary
The trustee has absolute discretion to distribute assets as per Clause 10.4 of the will, and the surviving spouse holds a life interest in the residuary estate. Unequal distributions do not appear to breach the trustees role or the Succession Act, but consulting a lawyer for specific concerns is advisable.Full Conversation
In the case of the distribution of the residuary estate which is comprised of all assets that the deceased owned including monetary assets, land and buildings, or vehicles that formed part of the estate less the gifts bequeathed to the grandchildren (under clause * and less any funeral expenses and expenses in relation to the administration of the estate under clause *, the same is covered by clause *.* which provides that the residuary estate goes to the wife Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi if she shall survive the testator ( which she has) absolutely meaning that the whole of the residuary estate belongs to the widow of the deceased under a life interest for the duration of her life
In the event that Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi had predeceased Mr Gurbux Singh Nagi, then the residuary estate would be distributed as per clause *.* meaning that each of the sons, the daughter and daughter in law would get one quarter of the estate BUT ONLY IF Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi would not have attained a vested interest or would not have survived her late husband.
However since Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi has survived the deceased by law and under the will Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi is entitled to a life interest in the residuary estate and she is therefore entitled to distribute the same under her will as she pleases or to liquidate the assets as she wishes. However it is only fair to give due respect to the wishes of the deceased and when making a new will regard should be given to the will of the late Mr Nagi.
I am made to understand that Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi has indeed made a new will under which she has changed the mode of distribution entirely and indicated that a larger share of the Estate is to be given to the sons who survive while the daughter has been promised (or has been given one of the properties forming a part of the Estate) and the daughter in law (being yourself) has been apportioned a share of *% in comparison to the *% indicated under the will of the deceased.
Perhaps it would be advisable to seek clarification as to how the current mode of distribution was arrived at. In the event that the Estate does not have sufficient funds to distribute so that the beneficiaries get an equal share I would assume that a valuation of the properties has been carried out and thereafter such property that is equivalent to the share that each beneficiary was entitled to has been (or will be) transferred accordingly. Please also note that upon transfer of any property while Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi is still alive which would be done under consideration of natural love and affection (since there is no consideration involved), stamp duty at the rate of *% on the value will be payable by the person to whom the property is to be transferred while Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi will pay capital gains tax at the rate of *% on the profit. If you leave the estate as it is and distribute it in the future in the event of the demise of Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi then you pay the nominal stamp duty on a transfer by assent under a will. The other option would be to sell the property to a third party and distribute the proceeds of sale to the beneficiaries accordingly.
Also please note that clause *.* of the Will provides as follows "My Trustees may appropriate allot or apportion any money investment or other asset in satisfaction or in part satisfaction of any legacy share or interest in my Residuary Estate at such valuation and in such manner as my Trustees shall in their absolute discretion deem just without requiring the consent of any person entitled or interested beneficially in my Residuary Estate." - This clause serves to provide that the Trustees appointed under the Will may make use of any part of the estate as they deem fit to meet any one of the beneficiaries entitlement or interest without needing the consent of the said beneficiary entitled or interested to such portion. This clause could have played a part in the current mode of distribution under the Will of Mrs Gursharan Kaur Nagi to guide her in alloting various assets specifically rather than a share in the estate. this the advice given
Thank you for the detailed information. It seems your primary concern is with the unequal distribution of the residuary estate by the trustee, contrary to the testator's intentions.
Legal Steps to Consider:
*. **Challenge Trustee's Actions**:
- You may file a case in court to challenge the trustee’s distribution if you believe it violates the testator’s wishes.
*. **Seek Legal Counsel**:
- Consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts to review the will and provide specific advice.
Phone: +* * *
Address: P.O. Box *-*, Nairobi, Kenya
Website: [judiciary.go.ke](http://judiciary.go.ke)
Would you like more information on proceeding with challenging the trustee's actions?
*. **Challenge Trustee's Actions**:
- You may file a case in court to challenge the trustee’s distribution if you believe it violates the testator’s wishes.
*. **Seek Legal Counsel**:
- Consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts to review the will and provide specific advice.
Court Information:
Milimani Law CourtsPhone: +* * *
Address: P.O. Box *-*, Nairobi, Kenya
Website: [judiciary.go.ke](http://judiciary.go.ke)
Would you like more information on proceeding with challenging the trustee's actions?
yes
To proceed with challenging the trustee's actions, here are the steps you can take:
*. **File a Court Case**:
- Prepare and file a case at the Milimani Law Courts to challenge the distribution. Ensure you have all necessary documentation, including the will and any evidence of the trustee's actions.
*. **Legal Representation**:
- It is crucial to have a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts. They can guide you on the specifics of your case and represent you in court.
Would you like assistance finding a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts in Nairobi County?
*. **File a Court Case**:
- Prepare and file a case at the Milimani Law Courts to challenge the distribution. Ensure you have all necessary documentation, including the will and any evidence of the trustee's actions.
*. **Legal Representation**:
- It is crucial to have a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts. They can guide you on the specifics of your case and represent you in court.
Would you like assistance finding a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts in Nairobi County?
can she make unequal distribtuions?
Given the details provided, here are some key points on whether the trustee can make unequal distributions:
- **Clause *.* of the Will**: This clause gives the trustees discretion to distribute assets as they see fit, without requiring consent from the beneficiaries.
- **Testator's Intentions**: If the will explicitly states equal distribution and there's evidence the trustee is acting contrary to this, you may have grounds to challenge their actions.
Would you like to proceed with challenging the trustee's actions, or need further clarification on any specific point?
- **Clause *.* of the Will**: This clause gives the trustees discretion to distribute assets as they see fit, without requiring consent from the beneficiaries.
- **Testator's Intentions**: If the will explicitly states equal distribution and there's evidence the trustee is acting contrary to this, you may have grounds to challenge their actions.
Would you like to proceed with challenging the trustee's actions, or need further clarification on any specific point?
but the testator stated that if he survives her then the equal shares take effect. in this case she survived him
Given that the testator stated equal shares would take effect only if he survived her, and she survived him, the following applies:
- **Residuary Estate**: Since the wife survived the testator, she is entitled to the residuary estate as per the will.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: The trustee's actions may be guided by the will's clauses.
Would you like to proceed with challenging the trustee's discretion in court?
- **Residuary Estate**: Since the wife survived the testator, she is entitled to the residuary estate as per the will.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: The trustee's actions may be guided by the will's clauses.
Would you like to proceed with challenging the trustee's discretion in court?
she has absolute discretion
To clarify your situation:
- **Clause *.*** of the will grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing the estate's assets without needing the beneficiaries' consent.
- Given the testator's wife survived him, she holds a life interest in the residuary estate, allowing her to manage it as she deems fit.
Would you like help finding a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts in Nairobi County to explore if you can challenge the trustee's actions?
- **Clause *.*** of the will grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing the estate's assets without needing the beneficiaries' consent.
- Given the testator's wife survived him, she holds a life interest in the residuary estate, allowing her to manage it as she deems fit.
Would you like help finding a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts in Nairobi County to explore if you can challenge the trustee's actions?
so she can make the distributions as she sees fit?
Yes, given the clause that grants the trustee absolute discretion and the fact that the testator’s wife holds a life interest in the residuary estate, she can distribute the assets as she sees fit.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer to discuss your concerns further?
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer to discuss your concerns further?
can her actions be challenged?
Yes, her actions can be challenged if you believe they contradict the testator's intentions or if there is evidence of mismanagement. Here are your options:
- **File a Petition**: You can file a case in court to challenge her actions.
- **Seek Legal Advice**: Consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts for guidance on your specific situation.
Would you like help finding a lawyer in Nairobi County?
- **File a Petition**: You can file a case in court to challenge her actions.
- **Seek Legal Advice**: Consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts for guidance on your specific situation.
Would you like help finding a lawyer in Nairobi County?
so she hasnt breached her duties as a trustee?
Based on the information provided, the trustee's actions might not constitute a breach of duty given the clauses in the will:
- **Clause *.***: Grants the trustee absolute discretion to distribute assets without needing consent.
- **Surviving Spouse**: The testator's wife holds a life interest in the residuary estate and can manage it as she deems fit.
However, if you believe her actions contradict the testator's intentions or involve mismanagement, it is advisable to seek legal counsel.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts in Nairobi County?
- **Clause *.***: Grants the trustee absolute discretion to distribute assets without needing consent.
- **Surviving Spouse**: The testator's wife holds a life interest in the residuary estate and can manage it as she deems fit.
However, if you believe her actions contradict the testator's intentions or involve mismanagement, it is advisable to seek legal counsel.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts in Nairobi County?
has breached anything in the succession act?
To address whether the trustee has breached the Succession Act in Kenya, consider the following key points:
- **Trustee's Absolute Discretion**: Clause *.* of the will grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing the estate's assets without needing beneficiaries' consent.
- **Life Interest**: The surviving spouse holds a life interest in the residuary estate, thus having the right to manage and distribute the assets.
However, if you believe the actions taken contradict the testator's intentions or there is any form of mismanagement, it is advisable to consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to explore this further?
- **Trustee's Absolute Discretion**: Clause *.* of the will grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing the estate's assets without needing beneficiaries' consent.
- **Life Interest**: The surviving spouse holds a life interest in the residuary estate, thus having the right to manage and distribute the assets.
However, if you believe the actions taken contradict the testator's intentions or there is any form of mismanagement, it is advisable to consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to explore this further?
has she breached any acts? trustee act?
To determine if the trustee has breached any acts, including the Trustee Act, consider the following:
- **Trustee's Duties**: The Trustee Act in Kenya requires trustees to act in the best interest of beneficiaries, exercise reasonable care, and follow the terms of the trust.
- **Clause *.***: Grants absolute discretion in distributing assets without requiring consent from beneficiaries.
If there's evidence of mismanagement or actions contrary to the testator's intentions, it may constitute a breach. Consulting a lawyer specializing in trusts is advisable.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County?
- **Trustee's Duties**: The Trustee Act in Kenya requires trustees to act in the best interest of beneficiaries, exercise reasonable care, and follow the terms of the trust.
- **Clause *.***: Grants absolute discretion in distributing assets without requiring consent from beneficiaries.
If there's evidence of mismanagement or actions contrary to the testator's intentions, it may constitute a breach. Consulting a lawyer specializing in trusts is advisable.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County?
what were the testators intentions?
To understand the testator's intentions, consider the following key points from the will:
- **Equal Distribution**: The testator intended equal distribution among beneficiaries if he survived his wife.
- **Life Interest**: The testator's wife was given a life interest in the residuary estate, allowing her to manage and distribute it as she sees fit.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: Clause *.* grants the trustee absolute discretion to distribute assets without needing the beneficiaries' consent.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer to further explore this matter?
- **Equal Distribution**: The testator intended equal distribution among beneficiaries if he survived his wife.
- **Life Interest**: The testator's wife was given a life interest in the residuary estate, allowing her to manage and distribute it as she sees fit.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: Clause *.* grants the trustee absolute discretion to distribute assets without needing the beneficiaries' consent.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer to further explore this matter?
so there is no case?
Based on the information provided:
- **Life Interest**: The testator's wife has a life interest in the residuary estate.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: Clause *.* grants absolute discretion in distributing assets.
Given these clauses, there may not be a strong case unless there's evidence of mismanagement or actions contrary to the testator's intentions. Consulting a lawyer can help clarify your position.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to discuss this further?
- **Life Interest**: The testator's wife has a life interest in the residuary estate.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: Clause *.* grants absolute discretion in distributing assets.
Given these clauses, there may not be a strong case unless there's evidence of mismanagement or actions contrary to the testator's intentions. Consulting a lawyer can help clarify your position.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to discuss this further?
the only action contract to the testotros intentions were equal division amongst the * beneficaries
To clarify:
- **Equal Distribution Intention**: The testator intended for equal division among beneficiaries if he survived his wife.
- **Life Interest**: The wife, having survived the testator, has a life interest in the residuary estate.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: Clause *.* grants the trustee absolute discretion to distribute assets.
Given these points, it seems the wife has the authority to manage and distribute the estate as she sees fit. However, if you believe there is a mismanagement or actions contradicting the testator's intentions, you may have grounds to challenge.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to further explore this matter?
- **Equal Distribution Intention**: The testator intended for equal division among beneficiaries if he survived his wife.
- **Life Interest**: The wife, having survived the testator, has a life interest in the residuary estate.
- **Trustee's Discretion**: Clause *.* grants the trustee absolute discretion to distribute assets.
Given these points, it seems the wife has the authority to manage and distribute the estate as she sees fit. However, if you believe there is a mismanagement or actions contradicting the testator's intentions, you may have grounds to challenge.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to further explore this matter?
so she hasnt breached her role as a trustee by making unequal divisions?
Given the details provided:
- **Clause *.***: Grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing assets.
- **Life Interest**: The wife has a life interest in the residuary estate, allowing her to manage and distribute it.
Thus, making unequal distributions does not appear to breach her role as a trustee. However, consulting a lawyer could provide more clarity.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County?
- **Clause *.***: Grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing assets.
- **Life Interest**: The wife has a life interest in the residuary estate, allowing her to manage and distribute it.
Thus, making unequal distributions does not appear to breach her role as a trustee. However, consulting a lawyer could provide more clarity.
Would you like assistance in finding a lawyer in Nairobi County?
has she breached the law of succession act or trustee act?
Given the details provided:
- **Clause *.*** of the will grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing assets without needing beneficiaries' consent.
- **Life Interest**: The wife, holding a life interest in the residuary estate, can manage and distribute it as she sees fit.
However, if you believe there is mismanagement or actions contradicting the testator's intentions, it's best to consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts to review the specifics.
Would you like help finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to explore this further?
- **Clause *.*** of the will grants the trustee absolute discretion in distributing assets without needing beneficiaries' consent.
- **Life Interest**: The wife, holding a life interest in the residuary estate, can manage and distribute it as she sees fit.
However, if you believe there is mismanagement or actions contradicting the testator's intentions, it's best to consult a lawyer specializing in wills and trusts to review the specifics.
Would you like help finding a lawyer in Nairobi County to explore this further?